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2011 SIRC Research Award and Research Development Award- Winners Announced

 

The SIRC Research Award recognizes outstanding sport research in Canada. Acknowledging how sport research benefits the Canadian sporting community is the primary purpose of this award. The SIRC Research Development Award is designed to encourage development of research writing skills, with an emphasis on preparing research reports that are comprehensive and yet can be disseminated and understood throughout the sporting community. Congratulations to all who participated.

We would like to extend our sincere thanks and appreciation to all of our judges and to the following sponsors for their tremendous support: CIHR – Institute of Musculoskeletal Health and Arthritis, EBSCO Host and Coaches of Canada.

“The studies and papers submitted to this year’s SIRC Research award demonstrate their passion for the subjects and exceptionally high standard of work being done by Canada’s sport researchers. Canada is a leader in sport research and SIRC is proud to recognize the outstanding work being done by our research community.”  Debra Gassewitz, President and CEO SIRC

And the awards go to…

SIRC Research Award

The Impact of Applied Research on Athletic Excellence – High Performance Category:

"Knee Loading During Bodyweight Squat Performance: Effects of Stance width and Foot Rotation"– Mr. David Kingston – Queen’s University

Abstract:

The bodyweight squat is routinely used for conditioning of the knee musculature. In the performance of this exercise, modifications in the initial standing position may result in altered frontal plane kneel loading, and hence may potentially be used for targeted exercise prescription.
Purpose: To quantify the frontal plane mechanical loading on the knee joint whilst performing the bodyweight squat exercise, and to examine the effects of varying stance width and foot rotation angle.
Methods: 24 participants (14 males) performed 4 randomized sets of 8 repetitions of the body weight resistant squat exercise in the following conditions: 1) Shoulder width (SW) stance with parallel feet; 2) SW stance with feet externally rotated 30°; 3) 140% SW stance with parallel feet, and; 4) 140% SW stance with the feet externally rotated by 30°. The adduction/abduction knee joint moment experienced across conditions was calculated using inverse dynamics procedures. Moment waveforms were subjected to Principal Component (PC) analysis, with 3 PC’s retained based on a 90% trace criteria. Following, a 1-way repeated measures ANOVA and pair wise comparisons were used to discern differences between conditions.
Results: Omnibus test results indicate significant differences across conditions for PC1 and PC2 (p<0.01), Post hoc comparisons and waveform interpretation of PC1 extreme scores showed that the magnitude of the adduction moment was higher throughout the movement in the foot rotated conditions vs. the parallel feet conditions in both stance widths (mean Z scores .69 & .65 vs. -.88 & -.45, p<0.01, respectively). For PC2, significant differences were found between the 2 parallel feet conditions and the 2 foot rotated conditions, as well as between the foot conditions in the wide stance squats. PC2 differences were interpreted as phase shift operators.
Conclusion: Modification of foot rotation slightly alters the magnitude and timing of knee adduction moment component during performance of the body weight squat. The observed magnitude differences are presumably a consequence of alteration in the location of the point of application of the ground reaction force during the initial standing posture. The findings may assist clinicians in exercise prescription decision making.

Bio: My name is David Kingston. I am a fourth year undergraduate Kinesiology student in the School of Kinesiology and Health Studies at Queen’s University. I currently work with the exercise physiology lab at Queen’s as an exercise monitor in a study assessing sedentary adult exercise interventions on diabetes prevention and the reduction of visceral fat. As well, I am a Canadian Football Official Certification Level II official and referee high school football in Kingston, ON area as I formerly was a member of the Queen’s University Varsity Men’s Football team, The Golden Gaels. I will be pursuing and MSc in Biomechanics at Queen’s University starting this fall. I have a strong interest in the biomechanical factors of knee joint stability post ACL injury/reconstruction and the motor recruitment patterns of explosive dynamic movements.

The Impact of Sport on the Community – Community Category:

“Video game playing promotes overconsumption food in adolescents” – Dr. Jean-Philippe Chaput – CHEO Research Institute, University of Ottawa

Abstract:

Background: Video game playing has been linked to obesity in many observational studies. However, the influence of this sedentary activity on food intake is unknown. Objective: To examine the acute effects of playing video games on various components of energy balance.
Design: Using a randomized crossover design, 22 healthy, normal weight male adolescents (mean ± SD age: 16.7 ± 1.1 years) completed two 1-hour experimental conditions, namely video game play and rest in a sitting position, followed by an ad libitum lunch. The endpoints were spontaneous food intake, energy expenditure, stress markers, appetite sensations, and profiles of appetite-related hormones.
Results: Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, sympathetic tone, and mental workload were significantly higher during the video game play condition compared to the resting condition (P<0.05). Although energy expenditure was significantly higher during the video game play condition compared to resting (mean increase over resting: 89 kJ, P<0.01), ad libitum energy intake after the video game play condition exceeded that measured after rest by 335 kJ (P<0.05). A daily energy surplus of 682 kJ (163 kcal, P<0.01) over resting was observed in the video game play condition. The increase in food intake associated with playing video games was observed without increased sensations of hunger and was not compensated for during the rest of the day. Finally, the profiles of glucose, insulin, cortisol and ghrelin were not suggestive of an up-regulation of appetite during the video game play condition.
Conclusions: A single session of video game playing promotes overconsumption of food regardless of appetite sensations. Future studies should address whether the “eating in the absence of hunger” associated with the practice of seated video games is more related to an impairment in satiety signals capacity or to the mental-stress-induced reward system.

Bio: Jean-Philippe Chaput, Ph.D., is currently an Assistant Professor and holds a Junior Research Chair in Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research at the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute in Ottawa, Canada. Dr. Chaput completed a post-doctoral fellowship at the University of Copenhagen (Denmark) in 2010 under the guidance of Prof. Arne Astrup, insuring the research group’s state-of-the-art scientific competence in relation to sleep physiology and mental stress. He has a background in biology and graduated from Laval University (Quebec, Canada) in 2008, where he was under the supervision of Prof. Angelo Tremblay. He is particularly interested in new determinants of obesity and has authored or co-authored more than 50 scientific articles, and over 60 other publications such as textbook chapters, scientific abstracts, reviews and letters.

 

To read the winning research papers click on the titles above.

Invitation to submit papers for the 2012 SIRC Research Award will be announced in September 2011.

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